Journal of Surgical Radiology
2023, Volume 2, Issue 3 : 19-24
Research Article
A Study of Comparing the Effectiveness of Intravenous Labetalol and Oral Nifedipine in Pregnancy-Related Hypertensive Emergencies
 ,
1
Assistant Professor, Department of OBGY, Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital & Research Centre
2
Associate Professor, Department of OBGY, Ayaan Institute of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital & Research Centre
Received
Aug. 2, 2023
Revised
Aug. 18, 2023
Accepted
Aug. 30, 2023
Published
Sept. 29, 2023
Abstract

Background: Hypertension in pregnancy is one of the most common medical conditions encountered during gestation, with significant implications for both maternal and fetal health. Nifedipine has the advantage of being cost effective, rapid onset of action, long duration of action and can be administered orally, however it is known to cause sudden maternal hypotension and fetal distress caused by placental hypoperfusion, palpitation and transient neuromuscular weakness when used concomitant with magnesium sulphate. Intravenous Labetalol is considered to control severe hypertension in pregnancy. Its advantages include little placental transfer, less palpitation and less maternal tachycardia. Methods: The present study was prospective, randomized comparative clinical trial conducted on 140 patients in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology over a period of 1 year following approval from institutional ethical committee. A thorough history was elicited from the patients regarding age, parity, socio economic status, history suggestive of imminent symptoms. Their past history regarding bronchial asthma, cardiac diseases, prior drug intake for hypertension and other medical disorders were also obtained. The pregnant women were randomized with computer generated numbers into two groups to receive either oral nifedipine or intermittent intravenous labetalol injections. Enrolled patients will be randomized to receive either oral nifedipine or intravenous labetalol. Results: Our study reports showed that, baseline diastolic blood pressure did not vary significantly in the groups. The mean of the baseline diastolic blood pressure were 109 mm Hg and 112 mm Hg in the groups A and B, respectively. 55.8% and 50% in groups A and B had diastolic blood pressure more than 110 mm Hg. In present study on comparison of time taken to control BP between two groups, i.e. to achieve BP 150/100mm of Hg. The mean time required were 51.50 ± 11.85 mins in the Labetalol groups and 48.0 ± 6.25 minutes in the Nifedipine group. This comparision showed no difference in the two groups with a ‘P’ value of 0.358. Similarly on comparison of no. of doses of drugs required to control BP between two groups it was observed that most of the patients were controlled by two doses of each drug. Mean number of doses required to Achieve Target Bp in IV labetalol group 2.08 and in nifedipine group was 2.02. Conclusions: Ultimately, both medications can be valuable in the management of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, and the choice between them should be guided by the severity of the condition, the need for rapid blood pressure control, and the clinical setting. For severe and rapidly progressing hypertensive emergencies, intravenous labetalol remains the gold standard. However, nifedipine can be an effective alternative for less acute cases or in settings where oral administration is more practica

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