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Introduction: Induction of labor (IOL) is a common obstetric intervention aimed at initiating uterine contractions before spontaneous onset of labor. The choice of induction method can significantly impact fetomaternal outcomes. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of three common induction methods—Foley’s catheter, dinoprostone, and misoprostol—in low-risk women with term pregnancies. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted on 300 low-risk pregnant women at term, divided into three groups based on the induction method used: Foley’s catheter (n=100), dinoprostone (n=100), and misoprostol (n=100). Inclusion criteria included singleton pregnancy, cephalic presentation, and intact membranes. Exclusion criteria were previous cesarean section, multiple pregnancies, and any contraindications to vaginal delivery. Fetomaternal outcomes were assessed, including time to delivery, mode of delivery, maternal complications, and neonatal outcomes. Results: The mean time to delivery was shortest in the misoprostol group (10.2 ± 2.1 hours), followed by dinoprostone (12.5 ± 3.0 hours) and Foley’s catheter (14.8 ± 3.5 hours). Cesarean section rates were highest in the Foley’s catheter group (25%), compared to dinoprostone (18%) and misoprostol (15%). Maternal complications such as postpartum hemorrhage and uterine hyperstimulation were more frequent in the misoprostol group. Neonatal outcomes, including Apgar scores and NICU admissions, were comparable across all groups. Conclusion: Misoprostol was associated with the shortest induction-to-delivery interval but had higher rates of maternal complications. Foley’s catheter, while safer, had a longer induction time and higher cesarean section rates. Dinoprostone offered a balanced profile with moderate induction times and lower complication rates. The choice of induction method should be individualized based on patient characteristics and clinical settings. |